Ap Human Geography Chapter 2 Study Guide

AP Human geography Chapter 2 Study black market Terms state density a measurement of the number of great deal per given unit of land arithmetic nation density the universe of a country or region expressed as an add up per unit area physiologic people density the number of mickle per unit area of arable land commonwealth distribution explanation of locations on the Earths surface where populations live dot maps maps where matchless dot represents a certain number of a phenomenon, such(prenominal) as population megalopolis border used to designate large coalescing supercities that are forming in diverse split of the cosmea census a periodic and official count of a countrys population doubling time time required for a population do double population explosion rapid fruit of worlds gay population during the last century natural increase population offshoot measured as excess of live endures over live deaths blunt birth drift (CBR) number of live births y rly per gigabyte hatful crude death rate (CDR) number of live deaths yearly per thousand people demographic diversity multi stage model of limitings in population increase in countries undergoing industrialization stationary population level (SPL) level at which national population ceases to grow population composition grammatical construction of a population in terms of age, sex, and other properties population benefits optic representation of age and sex composition of a population babe mortality rate (IMR) describes the number of babies that die within the first gear year of their lives child mortality rate (CMR) number of children that die between the first and fifth year of their lives life expectancy how long, on average, a individual may be expected to live AIDS Acquired Immune neediness Syndrome chronic diseases long lasting afflictions now more common because of higher(prenominal) life expectancies expansive population policies government policies tha t encourage large families eugenic population policies government policies to favor one racial sector regulative population olicies- government policies to reduce the rate of natural increase Notes alteration in population is calculated using the fol wiped out(p)ing Global commonwealth verbalism p1 = p0 + b(irths) d(eaths) Sub-Global Population Formula p1 = p0 + b d + i(mports) e(xports) Net Migration Formula p1 p0 + RNI + nm Types of population density arithmetic density, agricultural density, physiological density, urban density, residential density Major World Population Centers China, India, Russia, Central Europe, Asia, northeastern United States Africa, Northeast U. S. Overpopulation a generally undesirable condition where an organisms numbers go on the carrying capacity of its habitatMalthuss Theory, though incorrect, states population rate increases geometrically and the rate of food increase grows arithmetically. Demographic Transition Model (http//www. main -vision. com/richard/demographic. htm) award 1 Stage one of the demographic transition model is the most raw(a) of the stages where thither is a high fluctuating birth and death rate. Because of this there is no great population growth. These countries or even tribes have actually basic livelihood standards such as those in the Amazon rainforest where they hardly have any education, medicaments or birth rates such that population is based on food supply, health of tribe members etc.Other particularors touch are no family planning therefore many children or because of the trustingness of the people which may look at large families as a sign of verility etc. Stage 2 In this stage of the demographic transition model there are a lot of births, as yet the death rate has gone down to about 20/ honey oil infants who die. This results in a rise in population due to the fact that more infants are live. Reasons for which more people may be surviving may be infract health care, impro ved sanitation such as water etc, more transport and medical care as well as inventions relating to this. In other address this stage involves a slight modernisation in health care raising peoples living standards as well as there life expectancy.Stage 3 Stage three is the stage at which there is already a low death rate as well as a declining birth rate therefore leading to a slight increase in population. The reason for the fall in births may be due to family planning, better education, lower infant mortality rate, a more industrialised mien of life and the want for more material possesions as well as women being able to go out to work. In other words these countries are in the final stages of becoming like the western countries such as the states and those in Europe. Stage 4 Stage four is the one at which Switzerland is. There is a stable population whithout much change because both the death and birth rate are low and in some cases there are more deaths than births therefore l eading to a possible stage five. Possibly a stage five? A country such as Sweden is currently entering into the negative growth rate meaning that there are less births than deaths so that the countrys population size is decreasing leading to problems which will be discussed later on this page. A population pyramid, also called an age structure diagram, is a lifelike illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population (typically that of a country or region of the world), which forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing. There is a predicted stage 5 of population growth that will level off at 10 billion people. The worlds population will progressively increase until it ultimately reaches this point. Geography of health is the application of geographical information, perspectives, and methods to the study of health, disease, and health care. Epidemiological transition is a phase of development witnessed by a sudden and strict increase in po pulation growth rates brought about by medical innovation in disease or sickness therapy and treatment, followed by a re-leveling of population growth from subsequent declines in fertility rates. The epidemiologic transition model represents the developments resulting from epidemiological transition (disease and treatment). The Peoples Republic of China has move anti-natalist policies, notably the one-child strategy, for over a decade. While anti-natalist government policies may be instrumental in lowering birth rate, state coercion may have unexpected and damaging results reports in 1995 suggested that abortion of female children had move around common in China, so that male female sex ratios at birth had become grotesquely imbalanced.